Description
Cefpodoxime and Clavulanic acid combination are effective against multiple infections. The pharmacological action of Clavulanic acid prevents hydrolysis of Cefpodoxime against beta-lactamase secreting microbes and increases the antibiotic spectrum.
Cefpodoxime, an antibiotic belongs to class of third-generation cephalosporins, is indicated for the treatment of systemic infections including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, otitis media, skin infections and uncomplicated gonorrhoea due to Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
A Combination of Cefpodoxime (third generation oral cephalosporin) and a beta lactamase inhibitor, Clavulanic Acid, used for the treatment of urinary tract infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, gonorrhea, and multiple other infections.
Pharmacology
- Pharmacodynamics: – Cefpodoxime, a third generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin, exhibits activity against several Gram positive as well as Gram negative microorganisms. This compound is also stable in beta lactamase environment. Cefpodoxime exhibits exceptional activity against methicillin susceptible Staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Nesseria spp, and Moxaxella catarrhalis, which are referred as the most common hospital acquired and community acquired infections.
Clavulanic acid is a natural inhibitor of beta lactamase, which are produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus. It binds to beta lactamase moieties and inactivates them, thus restricting the cefpodoxime destruction. Clavulanic acid has very little antimicrobial activity.
- Pharmacokinetics: –
- Cefpodoxime
Bioavailability of cefpodoxime is 50% in fasting subjects and it increases in presence of food. Peak plasma concentration of Cefpodoxime 200 mg single dose is 2.18 mcg/ml.
The Drug is well distributed after oral administration. Cefpodoxime reaches therapeutic concentrations in respiratory tract and genito-urinary tracts and bile. Protein binding of cefpodoxime ranges from 20 to 30 %. The plasma half life of cefpodoxime is about 2 to 3 hours and is prolonged in patients with impaired renal function. Cefpodoxime is excreted unchanged in urine.
- Clavulanic Acid
Clavulanic acid is well absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentration of Clavulanic acid 125 mg single dose is 2.2 mcg/ml. It is distributed completely after oral administration. Protein binding of clavulanic acid is about 30 %.The plasma half life of clavulanic acid is one hour.
About 60 % of clavulanic acid is excreted unchanged in urine. The clavulanic acid component in the drug combination protects cefpodoxime from degradation by ß-lactamase enzymes, and effectively extends the antibiotic spectrum of cefpodoxime to include many bacteria that are normally resistant to cefpodoxime and other ß-lactam antibiotics.
Indications
- Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
- Acute community acquired Pneumonia
- Upper and lower respiratory tract infections
- Skin and soft tissue infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis
- General gonorrhea (men and women) and rectal gonococcal infections (women)
- Acute maxillary sinusitis
